Although we are only getting started, we aim to progressively extend our coverage of countries around the world.
7.96
Full democracyFlawed democracyHybrid regimeAuthoritarian regime
88.83
GoodSatisfactoryProblematicDifficultVery Serious
Estonia’s democratic institutions are generally strong, and both political rights and civil liberties are widely respected. However, more than 5 percent of the population remains stateless and cannot participate in national elections. Corruption is a persistent challenge, as is discrimination against ethnic Russians, Roma, LGBT+ people, and others. Far-right and Euroskeptic forces have become increasingly vocal in Estonian politics in recent years.
Internet freedom is generally robust in Estonia, a consolidated democracy and European Union (EU) Member State widely known for its pioneering approach to e-government. Protections for user rights are strong and the Estonian government places few limits on online content, however a number of Russian websites were blocked during the coverage period. Cyberattacks that targeted governmental websites had limited impact, in part due to countermeasures taken by Estonian cybersecurity officials.
The Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe.
It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland,
to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia.
The constitution of Estonia is the fundamental law of the Republic of Estonia
and establishes the state order as that of a democratic republic where the supreme power is vested in its citizens.
The third Constitution of the Republic of Estonia was adopted by referendum in 1992.
Politics in Estonia takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic,
whereby the Prime Minister of Estonia is the head of government, and of a multi-party system.