Tech Policy Press: Technology has enabled children to communicate with family, participate in their communities, and contribute to youth culture. However, the spaces accessed through technology were not developed for children, and they are not devoid of harm. Throughout 2024, Senate hearings and lawsuits exposed that popular applications were facilitating sex trafficking, addicting children, and encouraging children to engage in dangerous and life-threatening activities.
The Online Safety Amendment (Social Media Minimum Age) Act 2024 (Cth) is an Australian Act of parliament that aims to restrict the use of social media by minors under the age of 16. It is an amendment of the Online Safety Act 2021, and was passed by the Australian Parliament on 29 November 2024. The legislation imposes monetary punishments on social media companies that fail to take reasonable steps to prevent minors from creating accounts on their services. The Act is expected to take force in 2025.
Experts from many different fields have conducted research and held debates about how using social media affects mental health. Research suggests that mental health issues arising from social media use affect women more than men and vary according to the particular social media platform used, although it does affect every age and gender demographic in different ways. Psychological or behavioural dependence on social media platforms can result in significant negative functions in individuals' daily lives. Studies show there are several negative effects that social media can have on individuals' mental health and overall well-being.
The relationships between digital media use and mental health have been investigated by various researchers—predominantly psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, and medical experts—especially since the mid-1990s, after the growth of the World Wide Web and rise of text messaging. A significant body of research has explored "overuse" phenomena, commonly known as "digital addictions", or "digital dependencies". These phenomena manifest differently in many societies and cultures. Some experts have investigated the benefits of moderate digital media use in various domains, including mental health, and treating mental health problems with novel technological solutions. Studies have also suggested that certain digital media use, such as online support communities, may offer mental health benefits, although the effects are quite complex.